عن كتاب R A D I AT I O N P R OT E C T I O N S E R I E S N o . 10: R A D I AT I O N P R OT E C T I O N S E R I E S N o . 10
R a d i a t i o n P r o t e c t i o n
i n D e n t i s t r y
C O D E O F P R A C T I C E & S A F E T Y G U I D E
Published by the Chief Executive Officer of ARPANSA in December 2005
iii
Contents
Foreword .......................................................................................... i
Code of Practice ............................................................................... 1
Safety Guide................................................................................... 37
Contributors to Drafting and Review...............................................61
Index ............................................................................................. 62
Code of Practice Contents
1. Introduction ......................................................................... 5
1.1 CITATION ........................................................................................... 5
1.2 BACKGROUND..................................................................................... 5
1.3 PURPOSE ............................................................................................ 5
1.4 SCOPE ................................................................................................ 5
1.5 STRUCTURE ........................................................................................ 6
2. Responsibilities .....................................................................7
2.1 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE RESPONSIBLE PERSON................................. 7
2.2 RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CLINICIAN OPERATING THE DENTAL
X-RAY EQUIPMENT ............................................................................. 9
2.3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE REFERRER FOR RADIOGRAPHIC
EXAMINATION .................................................................................. 10
2.4 RESPONSIBILITIES OF PERSONS SUPPLYING, INSTALLING AND
SERVICING DENTAL X-RAY EQUIPMENT.............................................. 10
2.5 COMPLIANCE TESTING OF X-RAY EQUIPMENT..................................... 11
3. Type and frequency of radiographic examination in
dental practice .....................................................................12
3.1 CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE NEED FOR RADIOGRAPHY....................12
3.2 RESEARCH PROJECTS INVOLVING THE IRRADIATION OF HUMANS ........12
4. Equipment and site requirements ........................................13
4.1 COMPLIANCE WITH AUSTRALIAN STANDARDS AND REGULATORY
AUTHORITY REQUIREMENTS ..............................................................13
4.2 LOCATION OF X-RAY UNITS AND PROVISION OF STRUCTURAL
SHIELDING ........................................................................................13
5. Image receptors and film processing....................................14
5.1 DIGITAL IMAGING SYSTEMS................................................................14
5.2 FILM SIZES AND APPLICATIONS ..........................................................14
5.3 USE OF HIGH SPEED FILM..................................................................14
5.4 STORAGE OF UNEXPOSED FILMS.........................................................14
5.5 PROCESSING OF FILMS .......................................................................14
5.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE OF PROCESSING ................................................15
6. Procedures to minimise exposure to ionizing radiation .......16
6.1 USE OF EXPOSURE CHARTS ................................................................16
6.2 PERSONS IN THE ROOM DURING RADIOGRAPHY ..................................16
6.3 EXPOSURE TO THE PRIMARY X-RAY BEAM ..........................................16
6.4 HOLDING OF IMAGE RECEPTOR AND STANDARDISATION OF
TECHNIQUE BY USING IMAGE RECEPTOR HOLDERS .............................16
6.5 HOLDING OF X-RAY UNIT...................................................................16
6.6 HOLDING OF PATIENTS ......................................................................17
6.7 POSITION OF OPERATOR DURING EXPOS