📘 ❞ An_Introduction_to_Sociolinguistics ❝ كتاب ــ Janet Holmes اصدار 2013

اللغويات الإجتماعية Sociolinguistics - 📖 ❞ كتاب An_Introduction_to_Sociolinguistics ❝ ــ Janet Holmes 📖

█ _ Janet Holmes 2013 حصريا كتاب An_Introduction_to_Sociolinguistics 2024 An_Introduction_to_Sociolinguistics: An_Introduction_to_Sociolinguistics_by_J An Introduction to Sociolinguistics Fourth Edition vii Preface xii Author’s Acknowledgements xvi Publisher’s xvii 1 What do sociolinguists study? 1 Section I Multilingual Speech Communities 17 2 Language choice in multilingual communities 19 3 maintenance and shift 53 4 Linguistic varieties nations 76 5 National languages language planning 100 Section II Variation: Focus on Users 129 6 Regional social dialects 131 7 Gender age 159 8 Ethnicity networks 186 9 change 206 Section III Uses 237 10 Style, context register 239 11 functions, politeness cross cultural communication 274 12 Gender, stereotypes 301 13 Language, cognition culture 337 14 Analysing discourse 363 15 Attitudes applications 409 16 Conclusion 439 References 454 Appendix: phonetic symbols 475 Glossary 477 Index 479 Brief Contents Section 19 C hoosing your variety or code 19 D iglossia 2 7 C ode switching mixing 34 3 53 L anguage different death loss 58 F actors contributing to 60 H ow can a minority be maintained? 64 L revival 67 4 76 V ernacular 77 S tandard 78 L ingua francas 8 2 P idgins creoles 85 5 100 N ational official 102 P lanning for national 1 07 D eveloping standard Norway 111 T he linguist’s role 15 Contents Contents Section 131 R egional variation 32 S ocial 39 S 40 7 159 G ender exclusive speech differences: highly structured 59 G preferential features: dialect research 63 G class 64 E xplanations of women’s linguistic behaviour 67 A ge graded features 75 A data 77 A grading 180 8 186 E thnicity 86 S 96 9 206 V ariation 207 H changes spread? 14 H we study change? 19 R easons 22 اللغويات الإجتماعية Sociolinguistics مجاناً PDF اونلاين هذا القسم يحتوى علي مجموعة من المصادر التي تهتم بدراسة اللغويات هو فرع علم أو اللسانيات يهتم تأثير جميع جوانب المجتمع ويتضمن ذلك المعايير الثقافية والتوقعات والبيئة وطريقة استخدام اللغة والآثار المترتبة وتختلف الاجتماعية عن اجتماعيات حيث تركز بينما وتتداخل إلى حد كبير مع التخاطب ولها ارتباطاً تاريخياً وثيقاً الإنسان اللغوي وقد حصل مؤخراً جدل حول الفرق بين المجالين ويَدرس العلم أيضاً كيف تختلف لسن الجماعات تفصلها متغيرات اجتماعية معينة مثل العرق والدين والجنس والمستوى الاجتماعي ومستوى التعليم والعمر وما وكيفية إنشاء هذه القواعد والالتزام بها لتصنيف الأفراد طبقات اقتصادية وكما يختلف أي لغة مكان آخر (لكنة) الطبقات وهذه هي اللهجات علماء بدراستها Sociolinguistics is the descriptive effect any all aspects society, including norms, expectations, context, way used, society's It differs from sociology language, which focuses society overlaps considerably with pragmatics It also studies how differ between groups separated by certain variables (e g , ethnicity, religion, status, gender, level education, age, etc ) creation adherence these rules used categorize individuals socioeconomic classes Contents 1 Applications 2 Traditional sociolinguistic interview 3 Fundamental concepts 3 1 community 3 2 High prestige low varieties 3 3 Social network 4 Differences according class 4 Class aspiration 4 2 codes 4 Restricted code 4 Elaborated The codes child development 4 Covert prestige 5 Sociolinguistic variables Applications For example, sociolinguist might determine through attitudes that particular vernacular would not considered appropriate use business professional setting The concerned constraints determining its contextual environment Code term given situations William Labov often regarded as founder sociolinguistics He especially noted introducing quantitative analysis change, making into scientific discipline Traditional interview The interview an integral part collecting There interviewer, who conducting study, subject, informant, interviewee