📘 ❞ BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE UTERUS OF COWS WITH FOETAL MEMBRANE RETAINED ❝ كتاب
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█ _ 0 حصريا كتاب ❞ BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE UTERUS OF COWS WITH FOETAL MEMBRANE RETAINED ❝ 2025 RETAINED: من كتب طب بيطرى WITH RETAINED MICHAŁKACZMAROWSKI,EDWARDMALINOWSKI AND HANNAMARKIEWICZ DepartmentofPathophysiologyofReproductionandM ammaryGland, NationalVeterinaryResearchInstitute, 58*090Bydgoszcz,Poland e*mail:vetri@logonet com pl Received for publication September 24, 2003 Abstract The aim of the study was to define species of microorganisms isolated from uterus healthy cows (control group) and cows affected with foetal membrane retained(FMR)beforeandafteranexperimentaltherapyw ith the use an immunomodulator antibiotics versus commonlyusedmethods(antibiotic+ß*blockerorantibiotic+ PGF2 α ) The examinations were carried out on three farms with similar system rearing nutrition 95 with FMR control group consisted 21 without postpartumdisturbances Smearsfromtheuterusweretakena t 0 21 st d observation Most frequently Escherichia coli other Enterobacteriaceae family were isolated Thesespecieswerestatedin67 4%ofsickcowsa nd in 47 6% cows degree Arcanobacterium pyogenes infection almost identical in sick cows (8 4 9 5% respectively) Streptococcus sp was isolated 15 8% FMR 19% control ones Staphylococci 12 and from Other bacteria were isolated less than 10% examined best eliminationofinfections(65%)wasnotedincowstreatedwith intrauterinary inlocations (neomycin and ampicillin) combined lysozyme dimer i m injection Theworstresultswerenotedasaneffectofinlocationofthes e antibiotics only ß*blocker (40%) similar in healthyandsickcows However,on21 st dayaftertreatment A pyogenes wasisolatedonlyfromtheuterusofthesickanimals This pathogen identified 10 (83 3%) 12 eliminatedbecauseofinfertility Key words : cows,retainedplacenta,bacteria Foetal membrane retained (FMR) is often the consequence abortions or premature parturitions, immunologicalandhormonaldisturbances,atonyoft he uterus, some septic diseases as brucellosis, infectious rhinotracheitis, campylobacteriosis, trichomonadosis (1, 10, 28), neosporosis (12), leptospirosis, mycoplasmosis (19, 24) yeast infection(6) Atpresentonlyneosporosisconstitu tesan importantproblem,especiallyrelatedtoabortion( 8,14) Thedecreaseinlocalimmunity,opencervixof the uterus, presence afterbirth an d manual treatment are main cause complication s and growth pathogenic opportunistic microorganisms Infections caused mostly by Arcanobacterium pyogenes anaerobes, like Fusobacterium necrophorum and Bacterioides melaninogenicus (5,10,20, 21) These pathogens show synergic activity Fus necrophorum produces a toxin which decreases phagocyte cell Bac melaninogenicus fragilis produce substance decreasing also A pyogenes secretes factor for (4, 20) The toxins certain strains E coli pyogenes decrease phagocytic activity leukocytes (29) Neutrophil function determining the development dairy cattle Also, depressed production Il*8 may be affecting neutro phil functionincowsdevelopingFMR(13,27) Manual help during parturition manual treatment damage in uterine mucous membrane This can a result intrauterine inlocation irritating dru gs and disinfectant fluids These substances lead necro tic changes epithelium and decrease neutrophils Th e fluid which contains fragments and afterbirth fluid very good nutrient medium for bacteria(22,25) development metritis ichorosa with heavy, toxic systemic symptoms effect of infectionoflochialfluidandfoetalmembranes An other consequence purulent metritis then chronicendometritis(2,16,23) species of microorganisms present healthy and مجاناً PDF اونلاين الطب البيطري (بالإنجليزية: Veterinary medicine) أو البيطرة هو تطبيق المبادئ الطبية والتشخيصية والعلاجية الحيوانات الإنتاجية والمنزلية والبرية يحتوي هذا القسم علي العديد الكتب المتميزة حول المجال يمارس عادة عيادة بيطرية مستشفى بيطري المزرعة للطب دور كبير حماية البشر الأمراض التي تنتقل عن طريق الأكل أصبح التخصص شائعاً السنوات الأخيرة ومن تلك التخصصات: التخدير علم السلوك الجلدية الحالات الطارئة والعناية الحثيثة الباطني امراض القلب السرطان العيون الأعصاب المشتركة المعدية التناسليات والولادة التصوير الشعاعي والجراحة
كتاب
BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE UTERUS OF COWS WITH FOETAL MEMBRANE RETAINED
كتاب
BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE UTERUS OF COWS WITH FOETAL MEMBRANE RETAINED
BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE UTERUS OF COWS WITH FOETAL MEMBRANE RETAINED من كتب طب بيطرى
WITH FOETAL MEMBRANE RETAINED
MICHAŁKACZMAROWSKI,EDWARDMALINOWSKI
AND
HANNAMARKIEWICZ
DepartmentofPathophysiologyofReproductionandM
ammaryGland,
NationalVeterinaryResearchInstitute,
58*090Bydgoszcz,Poland
e*mail:[email protected]
Received for publication September 24, 2003.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to define the species of
microorganisms isolated from the uterus of healthy cows
(control group) and cows affected with foetal membrane
retained(FMR)beforeandafteranexperimentaltherapyw
ith
the use of an immunomodulator and antibiotics versus
commonlyusedmethods(antibiotic+ß*blockerorantibiotic+
PGF2
α
). The examinations were carried out on three farms
with similar system of rearing and nutrition on 95 cows with
FMR. The control group consisted of 21 cows without
postpartumdisturbances.Smearsfromtheuterusweretakena
t
0 and the 21
st
d of observation. Most frequently
Escherichia
coli
and other species of
Enterobacteriaceae
family were
isolated.Thesespecieswerestatedin67.4%ofsickcowsa
nd
in 47.6% of healthy cows. The degree of
Arcanobacterium
pyogenes
infection was almost identical in healthy and sick
cows (8.4 and 9.5% respectively).
Streptococcus
sp. was
isolated from 15.8% of FMR cows and from 19% of control
ones. Staphylococci were isolated from 12.6% of FMR and
from 9.5% of control cows. Other bacteria species were
isolated from less than 10% of the examined cows. The best
eliminationofinfections(65%)wasnotedincowstreatedwith
intrauterinary inlocations of antibiotics (neomycin and
ampicillin) combined with the lysozyme dimer i.m. injection
.
Theworstresultswerenotedasaneffectofinlocationofthes
e
antibiotics only and antibiotics combined with ß*blocker
(40%). The species of bacteria in the uterus were similar
in
healthyandsickcows.However,on21
st
dayaftertreatment
A.
pyogenes
wasisolatedonlyfromtheuterusofthesickanimals.
This pathogen was identified in 10 cows (83.3%) from 12
eliminatedbecauseofinfertility.
Key words
:
cows,retainedplacenta,bacteria.
Foetal membrane retained (FMR) is often the
consequence of abortions or premature parturitions,
immunologicalandhormonaldisturbances,atonyoft
he
uterus, and some septic diseases as brucellosis,
infectious
rhinotracheitis,
campylobacteriosis,
trichomonadosis (1, 10, 28), neosporosis (12),
leptospirosis, mycoplasmosis (19, 24) and yeast
infection(6).Atpresentonlyneosporosisconstitu
tesan
importantproblem,especiallyrelatedtoabortion(
8,14).
Thedecreaseinlocalimmunity,opencervixof
the uterus, presence of afterbirth in the uterus an
d
manual treatment are the main cause of complication
s
and growth of pathogenic and opportunistic
microorganisms. Infections are caused mostly by
Arcanobacterium pyogenes
and anaerobes, like
Fusobacterium necrophorum
and
Bacterioides
melaninogenicus
(5,10,20, 21).These pathogens show
synergic activity.
Fus. necrophorum
produces a toxin
which decreases phagocyte cell activity.
Bac .
melaninogenicus
and
Bac. fragilis
produce a substance
decreasing also phagocyte cell activity.
A. pyogenes
secretes a growth factor for
Fus. necrophorum
(4, 20).
The toxins of certain strains of
E. coli
and
A. pyogenes
decrease phagocytic activity of leukocytes (29).
Neutrophil function is a determining factor for the
development of FMR in dairy cattle. Also, depressed
production of Il*8 may be a factor affecting neutro
phil
functionincowsdevelopingFMR(13,27).
Manual help during parturition and manual
treatment of FMR are often the cause of damage in
uterine mucous membrane. This damage can be also a
result of intrauterine inlocation of irritating dru
gs and
disinfectant fluids. These substances lead to necro
tic
changes of the epithelium of mucous membrane and
decrease the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. Th
e
fluid which contains fragments of afterbirth and
afterbirth fluid is a very good nutrient medium for
bacteria(22,25).
The development of
metritis ichorosa
with
heavy, toxic systemic symptoms can be the effect of
infectionoflochialfluidandfoetalmembranes.An
other
consequence of FMR is purulent metritis and then
chronicendometritis(2,16,23).
The aim of the study was to define the species
of microorganisms present in the uterus of healthy
and
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