📘 ❞ دورة الشوب درونج الانشائى Structure As Architectrue ❝ كتاب

عن كتاب دورة الشوب درونج الانشائى Structure As Architectrue:
دورة الشوب درونج الانشائى

STRUCTURE AS ARCHITECTURE
LOUISE PEDERSEN and JONAS TÄLJSTEN


v
Index
Preface.................................................................................................................. i
Abstract..............................................................................................................iii
1
Introduction ................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Back
ground
.................................................................................................................
1
1.2 Objective ..................................................................................................................
... 1
1.3 Limitations................................................................................................................
... 2
1.4 Outline
of thesis ..........................................................................................................
2
2
The collaboration......................................................................................... 5
2.1
A structural engineer
’s way of working ..................................................................... 5
2.1.1
The finite element method and programs used................................................... 5
2.2 An architect’s
way of working.................................................................................... 6
2.3
Communication between architects and engineers..................................................... 7
2.3.1
Formfinding according to
Popovic Larsen
and Ty
as ......................................... 8
3
The architect competition ......................................................................... 13
3.1
Our process in the museum project........................................................................... 13
3.2 Formfinding process.................................................................................................. 14
3.2.1
The outside form ............................................................................................... 14
3.2.2 The supports ...................................................................................................... 15
3.2.3 The curves ......................................................................................................... 17
3.2.4 The middle......................................................................................................... 21
3.2.5 Under ground
and wind
ows
..............................................................................
24
4
Optimizing the building ............................................................................ 27
4.1 Different bounda
ry conditions .................................................................................. 27
4.1.1 A general beam ................................................................................................. 27
4.1.2
The Art Museum as a model in Abaqus ........................................................... 32
4.1.3
Fixed supported building .................................................................................. 33
4.1.4 Roller sup
ported buil
ding ................................................................................. 36
4.1.5
Roller supported building
with a column in
the middle ................................... 38
4.1.6
Building supported by
glass walls an
d cable
s ..................................................
41
4.1.7
Comparing the different ways
in supporting a building ................................... 45
4.2
Better material efficiency with lower density........................................................... 47
4.2.1 Concrete she
ll with holes .................................................................................. 47
4.2.2 A general beam ................................................................................................. 48
4.2.3
How to make calcul
ations with holes ............................................................... 49
4.2.4
A model with holes only in the areas with low stress ...................................... 51
4.2.5
A model with holes only in the areas with high deformation .......................... 52
4.2.6
A model with holes balanced over the whole body.......................................... 53
4.2.7
Comparing the three different ways in making holes in the building .............. 55
4.3 Different forms with
different ma
terials ................................................................... 56
4.3.1
Concrete shell or steel frame............................................................................. 56
4.3.2 A general beam ................................................................................................. 56
4.3.3
Concrete shell wi
th reinforc
ement .................................................................... 57
4.3.4 Steel frame......................................................................................................... 59
vi
4.3.5
Comparing the two materials ............................................................................ 62
4.4
The wholeness of the building .................................................................................. 63
4.4.1
Maze under ground and or
ganic forms ab
ove gr
ound
......................................
64
4.4.2
Glass windows w
ith large
angles
......................................................................
65
5
Result.......................................................................................................... 67
6
Discussion................................................................................................... 69
6.1
Pros and cons in our project ...................................................................................... 69
6.2 General cooperation .................................................................................................. 70
6.3 Improvement suggestions ......................................................................................... 71
7
References .................................................................................................. 73
Appendix A – beam with fixed supports in both ends .................................. 75
Appendix B – a roller supported beam .......................................................... 77
Appendix C – a three supported beam........................................................... 79
Appendix D – reinforcement ........................................................................... 81
Appendix E – necessary size of the glass columns and of the cables............ 83
Appendix F – thickness of the walls comp
ared to the length between them85
Appendix G – windows .................................................................................... 87