📘 ❞ Methods in Molecular Biology Min Receptor Protocols ❝ كتاب ــ Min Li اصدار 1999
Biology Books - 📖 ❞ كتاب Methods in Molecular Biology Min Receptor Protocols ❝ ــ Min Li 📖
█ _ Min Li 1999 حصريا كتاب Methods in Molecular Biology Receptor Protocols 2024 Protocols: نبذه عن الكتاب: Isolation of Clones by Expression Screening Xenopus Oocytes Fumio Nakamura, Yoshio Goshima, Stephen M Strittmatter, and Susumu Kawamoto 1 Introduction Xenopus laevis oocytes have contributed greatly to the study glutamate receptors The isolation first cDNA clone for a glutamate receptor channel, GluR1, was achieved by utilizing an oocyte expression cloning system (1) In 1991–1992, three groups reported clones encoding of N methyl D aspartate (NMDA) channel subunit (2–4) Two the three employed isolate NMDA clones (2,3) Furthermore, metabotropic (mGluR) also identified with (5) This technique pioneered Nakanishi’s group identify G proteincoupled substance K (6) It combines transient protein in oocytes highly sensitive electrophysiological analysis oocyte possesses efficient machinery translate from RNA Its large size (~1 mm) allows injection two electrode voltage clamp relative ease method can detect trace concentrations proteins cellular membranes Since itself is living cell, it has a set intracellular signal cascades For example, phosphatidylinositol (PI) turnover initiated coupled receptors activates Ca2+ sensitive Cl– channels membrane, producing inward current (6–8) The combination these features has facilitated dozens of cDNA dependent ion channels, ligand gated receptors, transporters A further advantage of this that prior creating libraries, poly(A)+ various tissues be screened entire or fractionated states Books مجاناً PDF اونلاين Biologically Biology natural science concerned life, its forms function, how organisms interact each other surrounding environment word biology Greek made up words: bio (βίος) meaning life And loggia ( λογία) means Biology: similarity vegetation animal cover on edges African American states, existence same fossil Branches biology Biology ancient thousands years old modern began nineteenth century This multiple branches Among them are: Anatomy Botany Biochemia Biogeography Biofisia Cytology cell science Ecology environmental science Development Embryology embryology Genetics genetics Histology histology Anthropology anthropology Microbiology bacteriology Molecular Biology Physiology functions organs Taxonemia taxonomy Virology virology Zoology zoology
كتاب
Methods in Molecular Biology Min Receptor Protocols
ــ Min Li
صدر 1999م
كتاب
Methods in Molecular Biology Min Receptor Protocols
ــ Min Li
صدر 1999منبذه عن الكتاب:
Isolation of Receptor Clones
by Expression Screening in Xenopus Oocytes
Fumio Nakamura, Yoshio Goshima,
Stephen M. Strittmatter, and Susumu Kawamoto
1. Introduction
Xenopus laevis oocytes have contributed greatly to the study of glutamate
receptors. The isolation of the first cDNA clone for a glutamate receptor channel, GluR1, was achieved by utilizing an oocyte expression cloning system (1).
In 1991–1992, three groups reported the isolation of cDNA clones encoding of
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channel subunit (2–4). Two of the
three groups employed the oocyte system to isolate NMDA receptor clones
(2,3). Furthermore, a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) clone was also
identified with the oocyte system (5).
This technique was pioneered by Nakanishi’s group to identify a G-proteincoupled substance-K receptor (6). It combines transient protein expression in
oocytes with highly sensitive electrophysiological analysis. Xenopus oocyte
possesses an efficient machinery to translate protein from RNA. Its large size
(~1 mm) allows injection of RNA and two-electrode voltage clamp with relative ease. The voltage-clamp method can detect trace concentrations of channel proteins in cellular membranes. Since the oocyte itself is a living cell, it has
a set of intracellular signal cascades. For example, the phosphatidylinositol
(PI) turnover initiated by G-protein-coupled receptors activates Ca2+-sensitive
Cl– channels in the oocyte membrane, producing a large inward current (6–8).
The combination of these features has facilitated the isolation of dozens of
cDNA clones from voltage-dependent ion channels, to ligand-gated ion channels, to G-protein-coupled receptors, to transporters. A further advantage of
this system is that prior to creating cDNA libraries, poly(A)+ RNA from various tissues can be screened in entire or in fractionated states
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