📘 ❞ ECMAScript® 2015 Language Specification ❝ كتاب اصدار 2015

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ECMAScript® 2015 Language Specification

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© 2015 Ecma International
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Contents Page
1 Scope .............................................................................................................................................1
2 Conformance .................................................................................................................................1
3 Normative references ....................................................................................................................1
4 Overview ........................................................................................................................................1
4.1 Web Scripting ................................................................................................................................2
4.2 ECMAScript Overview ...................................................................................................................2
4.2.1 Objects...........................................................................................................................................3
4.2.2 The Strict Variant of ECMAScript .................................................................................................4
4.3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................5
4.4 Organization of This Specification ...............................................................................................8
5 Notational Conventions ................................................................................................................8
5.1 Syntactic and Lexical Grammars ..................................................................................................8
5.1.1 Context-Free Grammars................................................................................................................8
5.1.2 The Lexical and RegExp Grammars .............................................................................................9
5.1.3 The Numeric String Grammar .......................................................................................................9
5.1.4 The Syntactic Grammar ................................................................................................................9
5.1.5 Grammar Notation ....................................................................................................................... 10
5.2 Algorithm Conventions ............................................................................................................... 14
5.3 Static Semantic Rules ................................................................................................................. 16
6 ECMAScript Data Types and Values .......................................................................................... 16
6.1 ECMAScript Language Types ..................................................................................................... 16
6.1.1 The Undefined Type .................................................................................................................... 16
6.1.2 The Null Type............................................................................................................................... 17
6.1.3 The Boolean Type ....................................................................................................................... 17
6.1.4 The String Type ........................................................................................................................... 17
6.1.5 The Symbol Type......................................................................................................................... 17
6.1.6 The Number Type ........................................................................................................................ 18
6.1.7 The Object Type .......................................................................................................................... 19
6.2 ECMAScript Specification Types ................................................................................................ 29
6.2.1 The List and Record Specification Type .................................................................................... 29
6.2.2 The Completion Record Specification Type .............................................................................. 30
6.2.3 The Reference Specification Type .............................................................................................. 31
6.2.4 The Property Descriptor Specification Type .............................................................................. 33
6.2.5 The Lexical Environment and Environment Record Specification Types ................................ 35
6.2.6 Data Blocks ................................................................................................................................. 35
7 Abstract Operations .................................................................................................................... 36
7.1 Type Conversion ......................................................................................................................... 36
7.1.1 ToPrimitive ( input [, PreferredType] ) ........................................................................................ 36
7.1.2 ToBoolean ( argument ) .............................................................................................................. 37
7.1.3 ToNumber ( argument ) ............................................................................................................... 38
7.1.4 ToInteger ( argument ) ................................................................................................................ 40
7.1.5 ToInt32 ( argument ) .................................................................................................................... 40
7.1.6 ToUint32 ( argument ) ................................................................................................................. 41
7.1.7 ToInt16 ( argument ) .................................................................................................................... 41
7.1.8 ToUint16 ( argument ) ................................................................................................................. 41
7.1.9 ToInt8 ( argument ) ...................................................................................................................... 41
7.1.10 ToUint8 ( argument ) ................................................................................................................... 42
7.1.11 ToUint8Clamp ( argument ) ......................................................................................................... 42
7.1.12 ToString ( argument ) .................................................................................................................. 42
iv © Ecma International 2015
ToObject 7.1.13 ( argument ) ................................................................................................................. 43
7.1.14 ToPropertyKey ( argument ) ....................................................................................................... 44
7.1.15 ToLength ( argument ) ................................................................................................................ 44
7.1.16 CanonicalNumericIndexString ( argument ) .............................................................................. 44
7.2 Testing and Comparison Operations ......................................................................................... 45
7.2.1 RequireObjectCoercible ( argument ) ........................................................................................ 45
7.2.2 IsArray ( argument ) .................................................................................................................... 45
7.2.3 IsCallable ( argument ) ................................................................................................................ 45
7.2.4 IsConstructor ( argument ) ......................................................................................................... 45
7.2.5 IsExtensible (O) ........................................................................................................................... 45
7.2.6 IsInteger ( argument ).................................................................................................................. 46
7.2.7 IsPropertyKey ( argument ) ........................................................................................................ 46
7.2.8 IsRegExp ( argument ) ................................................................................................................ 46
7.2.9 SameValue(x, y) .......................................................................................................................... 46
7.2.10 SameValueZero(x, y) ................................................................................................................... 46
7.2.11 Abstract Relational Comparison ................................................................................................ 47
7.2.12 Abstract Equality Comparison ................................................................................................... 48
7.2.13 Strict Equality Comparison ........................................................................................................ 48
7.3 Operations on Objects ................................................................................................................ 49
7.3.1 Get (O, P) ..................................................................................................................................... 49
7.3.2 GetV (V, P) ................................................................................................................................... 49
7.3.3 Set (O, P, V, Throw) ..................................................................................................................... 49
7.3.4 CreateDataProperty (O, P, V) ...................................................................................................... 49
7.3.5 CreateMethodProperty (O, P, V) ................................................................................................. 50
7.3.6 CreateDataPropertyOrThrow (O, P, V)........................................................................................ 50
7.3.7 DefinePropertyOrThrow (O, P, desc) .......................................................................................... 50
7.3.8 DeletePropertyOrThrow (O, P) .................................................................................................... 50
7.3.9 GetMethod (O, P) ......................................................................................................................... 51
7.3.10 HasProperty (O, P) ...................................................................................................................... 51
7.3.11 HasOwnProperty (O, P) ............................................................................................................... 51
7.3.12 Call(F, V, [argumentsList]) .......................................................................................................... 51
7.3.13 Construct (F, [argumentsList], [newTarget]) ............................................................................. 51
7.3.14 SetIntegrityLevel (O, level) ......................................................................................................... 52
7.3.15 TestIntegrityLevel (O, level) ........................................................................................................ 52
7.3.16 CreateArrayFromList (elements) ................................................................................................ 52
7.3.17 CreateListFromArrayLike (obj [, elementTypes] )...................................................................... 53
7.3.18 Invoke(O,P, [argumentsList]) ...................................................................................................... 53
7.3.19 OrdinaryHasInstance (C, O) ........................................................................................................ 53
7.3.20 SpeciesConstructor ( O, defaultConstructor ) ........................................................................... 54
7.3.21 EnumerableOwnNames (O) ........................................................................................................ 54
7.3.22 GetFunctionRealm ( obj ) ............................................................................................................ 54
7.4 Operations on Iterator Objects ................................................................................................... 54
7.4.1 GetIterator ( obj, method ) .......................................................................................................... 55
7.4.2 IteratorNext ( iterator, value )...................................................................................................... 55
7.4.3 IteratorComplete ( iterResult ) .................................................................................................... 55
7.4.4 IteratorValue ( iterResult ) ........................................................................................................... 55
7.4.5 IteratorStep ( iterator ) ................................................................................................................ 55
7.4.6 IteratorClose( iterator, completion ) ........................................................................................... 55
7.4.7 CreateIterResultObject ( value, done ) ....................................................................................... 56
7.4.8 CreateListIterator ( list ) .............................................................................................................. 56
8 Executable Code and Execution Contexts................................................................................. 56
8.1 Lexical Environments ................................................................................................................. 56
8.1.1 Environment Records ................................................................................................................. 57
8.1.2 Lexical Environment Operations ................................................................................................ 71
8.2 Code Realms ............................................................................................................................... 72
8.2.1 CreateRealm ( )............................................................................................................................ 73
8.2.2 CreateIntrinsics ( realmRec ) ...................................................................................................... 73
8.2.3 SetRealmGlobalObject ( realmRec, globalObj ) ......................................................................... 73
8.2.4 SetDefaultGlobalBindings ( realmRec ) ..................................................................................... 73
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