█ _ كاتب غير معروف 2014 حصريا كتاب ❞ Parasitology or Mycology Lecture Guide Cestodes ❝ 2025 Cestodes: نبذه عن الكتاب: The Helminths A Introduction 1 Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms) includes the tapeworms & flukes a General Characteristics (1) Multicellular animals characterized by a flat, bilaterally symmetric body It is dorsoventrally flattened and solid (no body cavity) (2) Hermaphroditic, having both male female reproductive organs in same individual (3) Overall size varies greatly, some members are as small 1mm, and others may be 20 meters longer (4) The classes Cestoda (tapeworms) Trematoda (flukes) contain species parasitic to humans b Cestodes (1) Adult worms have ribbon like white yellowish body consisting of an anterior attachment organ (scolex) body (strobila) consisting chain segments called proglottids Scolex head Characterized presence sucking disks lateral grooves, hooks This important in speciation, but seldom recovered (a) Rostellum – present on scolex “armed” tapeworms button structure top of the from which protrude be retractable Biology Books مجاناً PDF اونلاين Biologically Biology natural science that concerned with study life, its various forms function, how these organisms interact each other surrounding environment word biology Greek made up two words: bio (βίος) meaning life And loggia ( λογία) means Biology: similarity vegetation animal cover edges African American states, existence fossil Branches biology Biology ancient thousands years old modern began nineteenth century has multiple branches Among them are: Anatomy Botany Biochemia Biogeography Biofisia Cytology cell science Ecology environmental science Development Embryology embryology Genetics genetics Histology histology Anthropology anthropology Microbiology bacteriology Molecular Biology Physiology functions organs Taxonemia taxonomy Virology virology Zoology zoology